Israel and antisemitism

Jewish communities experienced legal discrimination, expulsions and mass violence centuries before the establishment of Israel in 1948. Compulsory dress and unequal legal status marked Jewish life under many Muslim and Christian rulers. The modern Zionist movement advocated a Jewish national home in Palestine, while the Holocaust destroyed much of European Jewish life.

Subject	Article	Historical background
Jewish national self-determination	Zionism	The movement, its history and different approaches to Jewish political independence.
Prejudice and hostility toward Jews	Antisemitism	Historical forms, political rhetoric, commentary and contemporary examples.
Legal restrictions and religious coercion	Antisemitic discrimination in the Arab world	Dhimmi status, compulsory Jewish dress, forced conversion, residential confinement and expulsion.
Regional violence before 1948	Antisemitic violence in the Arab world before 1948	Attacks on Jewish communities across the Middle East and North Africa, with source-specific descriptions and figures.
Palestine before British rule	Violence in Palestine before British rule	A broad historical chronology before the British administration.
Palestine under British rule	Killings and massacres in Mandatory Palestine	The overview chronology, with reported figures, primary-source corrections and overlapping totals identified.
Land ownership and acquisition	Jewish land purchases in Mandatory Palestine	Purchases, ownership records and the distinction between private property and political sovereignty.
Nazi persecution and genocide	Holocaust	Contemporary records and physical investigations; Jewish victims by country; camp history; other Nazi victim groups.
Israel	Israel	Statehood, citizenship, political disputes, economy and society.
Historical threads	Captain Allen History	Compulsory Jewish markings, dhimmi status and Jewish political independence.

Further reading

• Captain Allen History, compulsory Jewish dress and dhimmi status and Jewish sovereignty.