No Proper Statesman

• No true Scotsman

• The ‘No Proper Statesman‘ is a fallacy akin to the ‘No true Scotsman‘. It is an ad hoc attempt to retain an unreasoned assertion. When faced with a counterexample to a universal claim (“States do not violate individuals’ rights”), rather than denying the counterexample or rejecting the original claim, the user instead modifies the original assertion to exclude the specific case or others like it by rhetoric,… [1] [2]